Seven Things We Stand For - Zac Poonen

Brief history of the Twelve Apostles

The Apostle Simon (Peter)

It has been said that the apostle Peter was a slender person.  He was of a middle size, inclining to tallness, and that his complexion was pale (almost white.)  It has, also, been said that he had a short, thick, curled beard, thin eyebrows (or no eyebrows at all.) Another description of the apostle Peter is that his eyes were black, but flecked with red due to frequent weeping.

Peter was born in Betsaida (in Galilee, Israel.)   By profession, he was a fisherman.  His father (also a fisherman) was named Jona; his brother, the apostle Andrew.  He and his brother (Andrew), along with their partners (the apostles James and John) were fishermen on the Sea of Galilee.  Zebedee (the father of James and John) was also a partner.

So firm was Peter's faith that Jesus gave him the name of Cephas, meaning, in the Syriac language, a rock (Peter is the Greek translation of Cephas.)

The house, in which Peter lived, in Capernaum, is still standing; in the 5th century AD, however, a Christian church was constructed over it.

Peter is, also, the one who prompted the disciples to choose a replacement to take over the apostolic ministry of Judas Iscariot (after Judas' betrayal of Christ Jesus.)

Peter was called by the apostle Paul a "pillar" of the Church.  It was, also, believed by the crowds that the mere casting of his shadow upon the sick was capable of bringing about miraculous healing.

After being imprisoned several times in Jerusalem (because of his faith), Peter left with his wife and possibly others.  It is believed that he ministered (in Babylon) to the Jewish colonists there.  It is, also, believed to be his location when he wrote his first epistle (1 Peter.)

Peter eventually went to Rome.  While there, it is believed that John Mark (the writer of the Gospel of Mark) served as his translator (as he preached.)  There is a Church tradition which says that "Mark the disciple and interpreter of the apostle Peter wrote a short gospel at the request of the brethren at Rome, embodying what he had heard Peter tell."  Thus Peter was the source of the Gospel of Mark. 

  

According to Church tradition, the Roman Emperor Nero, publicly announcing himself the chief enemy of God, was led in his fury to slaughter the Apostles.  Because of this persecution, Peter was crucified upside down while in Rome.

Of the final days of the apostle Peter in Rome, Italy, Jowett wrote that Peter was cast into a horrible prison called the Mamertine.  For nine months, in absolute darkness, he endured monstrous torture manacled to a post.  In spite of all the suffering Peter was subjected to, however, he converted his jailers, Processus, Martinianus, and forty-seven others.

Peter met his death at the hand of the Romans in Nero's circus, 67AD.

The Apostle Andrew

It has been said that the apostle Andrew's father's name was Jona and his mother's name, Joanna. Like their father, Andrew and Peter were also fishermen on the Sea of Galilee.  In fact, the apostles Andrew, Peter, James and John were all partners in a fishing business prior to being called by Jesus to follow Him.

Andrew was the first of the Apostles to follow Jesus and just as John the Baptist introduced Jesus to the nation of Israel, so Andrew is noted for having introduced Jesus to individuals. The apostle Peter became the fisher of men in masse where Andrew was a fisher for individuals.

In his latter ministry, it is believed that Andrew went to the foothills of the Caucasus mountains (present day Georgia in Eastern Europe.)  While there, he preached to the Scythians as far as the Caspian Sea.

He also went to Byzantium which is present day Istanbul in Turkey and from there, to Greece.  In fact, he traveled to Thrace and Macedonia, down through the Corinthian Gulf to Patros; it was in Patros that Andrew was martyred.

In the church of St. Andrew in Patros, Greece, there is a book written in Greek which sheds light on his martyrdom.  The following is written: "Aigeatis who was the governor of Patros became enraged at Andrew for his preaching and ordered him to stand before the tribunal in his attempt to do away with the Christian Faith.  When Andrew resisted the tribunal, the governor ordered him crucified.  Andrew remained tied to the cross with thick tight ropes for three days and his last words were: "Accept me, O Christ Jesus, whom I saw, whom I love, and in whom I am; accept my spirit in peace in your eternal realm."

An ancient writer also speaks of the apostle's martyrdom as such: "Andrew hung upon the cross three whole days, suffering dreadful pain but continuing constantly to tell the people around him of the love of Jesus Christ.  The people, as they listened to him, began to believe his words and asked the governor to let him be taken down from the cross.  Not liking to refuse them, he at last ordered the ropes to be cut but when the last rope was severed, the body of the apostle fell to the ground quite dead."

It is believed that Andrew died on the last day of November, 69 AD.

The Apostle James (Son of Zebedee)

Of the three apostles who comprised the inner circle of Jesus' disciples (Peter, James and John), we know the least about the apostle James.  We do know, however, that the apostle James was the eldest brother of the apostle John and that their father's name was Zebedee (their mother's name was Salome.)

James, his brother John, Peter and Andrew were all partners in a fishing business prior to being called by Christ Jesus to follow Him.  Zebedee was, also, a partner in the business.

There is some evidence that James was the first cousin of Jesus the Messiah and had been acquainted with Him from infancy.  It is believed that his mother Salome was the sister of Jesus' mother Mary.

Not much is known of his ministry after Jesus' resurrection.  It is believed, however, that he lived another 14 years before his martyrdom.  In fact, the apostle James was the first apostle to suffer martyrdom.  By order of Herod Agrippa I, James was beheaded in Jerusalem about the feast of Easter, 44 AD.

It is believed that within this 14 year period, James visited the Jewish colonist and slaves in Spain to preach the Gospel.

It has been said that when the apostle James was led out to die, a man who had brought false accusations against him walked with him to the place of execution.  He had doubtless expected to see James looking pale and frightened but he saw him, instead, bright and joyous, like a conqueror who had won a great battle.  The false witness greatly wondered at this and became convinced that the Savior in whom the prisoner by his side believed must be the true God or He could not impart such cheerfulness and courage to a man about to die.  The man himself, therefore, became a convert to Christianity and was condemned to die with James the apostle (both were consequently beheaded on the same day and with the same sword.)

The Apostle John

John was the brother of the apostle James; he was also the son of Zebedee (a fisherman of Galilee.)  His mother's name was Salome who is believed to be a sister of Jesus' mother Mary.

John, his brother James and the apostles Peter and Andrew were all partners in a fishing business prior to their calls by Jesus to follow Him (Zebedee was also a partner.)

It is said that John owned a home in Jerusalem and that it is possible that the interview Nicodemus had with Jesus was held there.

The apostle John rose to a position of influence within world-wide Christianity and shortly before the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 AD, he moved to Ephesus (in modern day, Turkey.)  He became the pastor of the church in Ephesus and had a special relationship with other churches in the area (as we know from the letters to the Seven Churches in Asia, in the book of Revelation.)

John's brother, James, was the first of the apostles to die; on the other hand, John was the last.  All of the apostles met a violent death, however, John died peacefully in Ephesus (at an advanced age, around the year 100 AD.)

There is a church tradition, which says, that while John was living in Ephesus, John had with him Mary, the mother of Jesus, for a few years.

While in Ephesus, by order of the Roman emperor Domitian, John was exiled to an island called Patmos.  In what is known as the cave of the Apocalypse (located on this island), the sacred text of the book of Revelation was given to the apostle John by Jesus (it is here that John recorded what is written in the New Testament book of Revelation.)

When he was released from exile, he returned to Ephesus and lived till the time of the Roman emperor Trajan. 

It is said that John, "Founded and built churches throughout all Asia, and worn out by old age, died in the sixty-eight year after our Lord's passion and was buried near the same city (Ephesus)."

There is a church tradition, which says, that when John was evidently an old man in Ephesus, he had to be carried to the church in the arms of his disciples.  At these meetings, he was accustomed to say no more than, "Little children, love one another!"  After a time, the disciples wearied at always hearing the same words, asked, "Master, why you always say this?" "It is the Lord's command," was his reply. "And if this alone be done, it is enough!"

There is, also, a Church tradition which says that John was in Rome for a time.

The Apostle Philip

How did a Jew get a name such as the Greek, "Philip?"  It's possible that he was named in honor of Philip the Tetrarch who had, some ten years before his birth, done much to raise the status of the region of his birth (Bethsaida in Galilee, Israel.)  Philip was said to be of the Jewish tribe of Zebulon.

It is believed that after the ascension of Christ Jesus, Philip traveled into Scythia (south Russia) and remained there for twenty years preaching the Gospel.  

Eventually, in the company of the apostle Bartholomew, the apostle Philip went to Asia Minor and labored in Hierapolis, near Laodicea and Colosse, in what is modern day Turkey.

While in Hierapolis, it is said that the wife of the Roman proconsul was healed by the apostles Philip and Bartholomew, that she became a Christian and that her husband ordered Philip and Bartholomew to be put to death by crucifixion.  Philip was crucified, however, Bartholomew escaped martyrdom, when for some special reason, the magistrates caused him to be taken down from the cross and dismissed.  Philip's tomb is still to be found in the Turkish city of Hierapolis.

There is a belief that the apostle Philip, also, ministered to the Gaul's in France; this cannot be confirmed, however.  He is the only Apostle whom Church tradition associates with France, however.

The body of Philip was acquired from Hierapolis by Pope John the Third (560-572 AD) and interred in a church in Rome (the Church of the Holy Apostles Philip and James the Less.)  Philip was around 87 years of age when martyred in Hierapolis.

The Apostle Bartholomew

Bartholomew is said to have had black curly hair, white skin, large eyes, a straight nose, hair that covered his ears and a long grizzled middle height beard.  He is ,also, said to have worn a white robe with a purple stripe and a white cloak with four purple gems at the corners.  For twenty-six years he wore these and it is said that they never grew old.  In fact, It was also reported, that his shoes lasted the same as his clothing.

Of Bartholomew, it is said that he prayed a hundred times a day and a hundred times a night.  It is also said that his voice was like a trumpet, angels waited upon him, and that he was always cheerful and knew all languages.

In the company of the apostle Philip, the apostle Bartholomew went to Asia Minor and labored in Hierapolis, near Laodicea and Colosse, in what is modern day Turkey.

While in Hierapolis, it is said that the wife of the Roman proconsul was healed by the apostles Philip and Bartholomew, that she became a Christian and that her husband ordered Philip and Bartholomew to be put to death by crucifixion.  Philip was crucified, however, Bartholomew escaped martyrdom, when for some special reason, the magistrates caused him to be taken down from the cross and dismissed.  From there, Bartholomew went eastward to India and then to greater Armenia.  He labored in the area around the south end of the Caspian Sea.

A popular tradition among the Armenians is that the apostle Jude (Thaddaeus) was the first to evangelize their region throughout the years of 43 to 66 AD and that the apostle Bartholomew joined him in 60 AD.

It is also said that Bartholomew carried with him a copy of the apostle Matthew's Gospel.  This copy was reported to have been found at a later time and a converted stoic philosopher by the name of Pantaenus is said to have brought it to Alexandria.

The modern name of the district where Bartholomew died is Azerbaijan and the place of his death, called in New Testament times Albanopolis, is now Derbend which is on the west coast of the Caspian Sea.

The apostle Bartholomew is said to have been martyred in the year 68 AD.

The Apostle Thomas

The apostle Thomas was also known as Didymas (the twin.) As to who his twin was, it's not known.   By trade, he was a fisherman and a native of Galilee in Israel.

After the resurrection of the Lord Christ Jesus, Thomas went to Babylon; it is believed that he established the first Christian church there.

Thomas is also known to have gone to Persia and from there he went to India and preached the Gospel making many converts.  It is believed that Thomas arrived in India no later than 49 AD.

It is also believed that the apostle Thomas evangelized as far as China, and while in India, he suffered martyrdom (he was killed with a lance and buried in Mylapore, India, which is now a suburb of Madras.)  It is believed that he died on the 21st of December.

The apostle Thomas is said to have been a fearless evangelist and a great builder of churches.

The Apostle Matthew

The apostle Matthew, also called Levi, was the son of Alphaeus and the brother of the apostle James the Less, or, James, son of Alphaeus.

By profession, Matthew was a tax collector before being called by Jesus to follow Him.

Matthew probably remained in the Holy Land, as tradition says, for 15 years and after this, encouraged by the reports of the success of other Christian leaders among the Jews (the Diaspora) and also among the Gentiles, he went forth on several missionary journeys.  It is certain that he went to Persia and the mysterious area in Persia known as "Ethiopia." It is also possible that he traveled to the Ethiopia in Africa as the Roman Catholic tradition indicates and there is also a belief that Matthew was martyred in Egypt upon his return from Ethiopia in Africa but this is not certain.  There is a tradition which says that Matthew was martyred in Parthia.

Matthew was a gifted writer, an ardent disciple, and was perhaps the best educated of any of the Twelve Apostles.  He was the writer of The Gospel of Matthew.

The Apostle James  ( The Son of Alphaeus )

The apostle James ( the son of Alphaeus), who is also called "Less" or "Younger," was a brother of the apostle Matthew and the son of Mary.  Which Mary is not altogether certain though she seems to be the wife of one Cleopas (Cleophas), which may have been another or second name for Alphaeus.

James was a native of Capernaum (located on the northwestern shores of the Sea of Galilee in Israel.)  It is believed that he was from the Jewish tribe of Levi, however, this is not certain.

Not much is known about the latter ministry of of this apostle, however, Aziz S. Atiya, in his "History of Eastern Christianity" says," The seeds of Syrian Christianity had been sown in Jerusalem during the Apostolic age and the contention has been made that the first bishop of the Syrian church was none other than St. James of the Twelve Apostles, identified as 'St. James the Less'."

It has also been said that James (son of Alphaeus) was stoned in Jerusalem for preaching Christ and buried by the Sanctuary.

The Apostle Jude  ( Thadaaeus )

The apostle Jude was believed to be from the Jewish tribe of Judah.  And after the ascension of Jesus, Jude was one of the first apostles to leave Jerusalem for a foreign country.  In fact, it is believed that Jude was one of the first apostles to witness directly to a foreign king, a Gentile.

Jude is believed to have evangelized the area of Armenia associated with the city of Edessa, in company perhaps of the apostle Bartholomew, and for a brief time, with the apostle Thomas.  One can, also, believe that Jude spent his years of evangelization in Syria and northern Persia.  It is likely that he was martyred there and buried in Kara Kalisa near the Caspian Sea, about 40 miles from Tabriz, in modern day Iran.

The Apostle Simon  ( The Zealot  )

The apostle Simon ( the Zealot ) was believed to have left Jerusalem and traveled first to Egypt and then through North Africa to Carthage.  From there he went to Spain and then north to Britain.

There is also a Church tradition which says that he, along with the apostle Jude, were thought to have preached together in Syria and Mesopotamia traveling as far as Persia.  They are also believed to have been martyred there (Simon being sawn into and Jude being martyred with a halberd.)

Another strong Church tradition says that Simon was crucified by the Romans in Caistor, Lincolnshire, Britain and subsequently buried there on May 10, circa 61 AD. 

The Apostle Judas (Iscariot)

Judas Iscariot should be stated "Judas of Kerioth." Kerioth was a small town a few miles south of Hebron.  He was the only one of the Twelve Apostles who was not a Galilean, but a Judean.  His father's name was Simon.

Perhaps the most significant thing that can be said of Judas Iscariot, was, that, in feeling sorrow for his crime of betrayal, he did not seek to atone for his sin to the One (Jesus) whom he had wronged, but , rather, went to his accomplices in crime (the priests) and there sought to set himself aright. Because those whom he had served in his selfishness failed him at the end (the priests), he went out and hanged himself.

The Apostle Matthias

Matthias was chosen as an apostle to take the place of Judas of Kerioth after his betrayal.  It is believed that Matthias was one of the "Seventy" disciples sent out by Jesus (Luke 10:1), however, this cannot be proven.

He, along with the apostles Jude (Thaddaeus), Bartholomew, Simon the Zealot and Andrew are credited by Armenian tradition as the apostles who evangelized Armenia (great peril befell him in the cities of Colchis, Sebastopol and elsewhere.) 

Goliath's Skull Found Near Jerusalem

Goliath's Skull Found Near Jerusalem

'The Kingdom Times, Belfast, May 1994, carried the story of how a leading archaeologist had found Goliath's skull in a valley west of Jerusalem with the stone from David's slingshot still embedded in his forehead! Dr. Richard Martin says the discovery proves that David's battle with the 10-foot giant happened just like the Bible said it did, 1,000 years before the birth of Yahshua.

'This is the archaeological find of the century, if not of all time,' Dr. Martin told reporters at a conference in Jerusalem. 'Many people, including scholars and clergymen, would have us believe that the biblical account of David and Goliath is little more than an interesting piece of fiction,' he said.

'But we found this skull in the valley of Elah, in the foothills of the Judean mountains, where David's battle with Goliath was said to have taken place. Even more intriguing, the skull is HUGE and clearly belonged to a man of ENORMOUS STATUE. 'And if you believe the Bible, you know that Goliath was 9 feet 8 inches tall.

'But the most telling piece of evidence is the small round rock we found embedded in the forehead. The Bible tells that David killed Goliath with a stone flung from a leather sling.

'Dr. Martin found the skull during an archaeological survey 20 miles south-west of Jerusalem on 23rd March, 1993. He and his assistants instantly realized that the find was important; but it was only when they had performed tests which showed the skull to be between 2,900 and 3,000 years old that they began to think they had found the remains of Goliath.

'The Bible places the battle between David and Goliath around 990 B.C., or 1,000 years before the birth of Yahshua,' Dr. Martin said.

'According to the Bible the battle began as a band of Israelites were preparing to fight a band of Philistines in the Valley of Elah.

'At that point in history it was common for enemies to avoid massive casualties by allowing one man fron each side to fight for their respective armies. To quote the Bible, Goliath, challenged the Israelites to 'choose a man and let him come to me. If he be able to fight with me and kill me, then we will be your servants. But if I...kill him, then you will serve us.'

'David answered the challenge and killed Goliath with a single stone thrown from a leather sling. When Goliath hit the ground, David chopped off his head with Goliath's own sword.

'As I said before, the skull that we found had a rock stuck in the forehead. There was also evidence to suggest that the head had been SEVERED from the body by a sharp object, most likely a sword. There can be little doubt that this is Goliath's skull. To be perfectly frank, I'm staking my career on it,' said Dr. Martin.'

-- Michael A. Clark, Wake Up! July/August 1994.

 

Bible Places - Elah Valley, Adullam

Elah Valley

View from 

Azekah

The best view of the valley is from the commanding hilltop of Azekah.  This strategic city was wisely fortified by Rehoboam, and it was one of the last cities to fall to the Babylonians in the invasion of Judah in 586 BC.  The valley below is the location of the battle of David and Goliath.

Elah Tree

The valley gets it name from the Elah tree, a type of oak or terebinth tree.  This large and old Elah tree still remains in the valley, reminding visitors of the day when trees proliferated in the Shephelah (cf. 1 Kings 10:27).

Adullam

Located on the east end of the valley is the site of Adullam.  This place proved to be the perfect place for David to hide in his initial flight from Saul.  As it today rests on the border between pre-1967 Israel and the West Bank, so in David’s day, this site was apparently in “no-man’s land” where he could stay safely out of the path of Saul or the Philistines.

Cave of Adullam

1 Samuel 22 says that David hid in the “cave of Adullam.”  Today there are many caves at the site and it’s not clear which one or ones David used, as many have been used and modified in the years since.  While he was here, 400 men who were in debt, distress or discontent, gathered around David.

View of Valley from Socoh

This panoramic view of the Elah Valley from the south is an approximate view of what the Philistine army saw as they faced the Israelites in the battle commonly known as “David vs. Goliath.”  The Philistines were encamped on the south side of the valley and King Saul’s forces occupied the hill on the northern side.

Money Minded Christian Ministries (Video)

ஆதாம் ஏவாளை தேவன் நன்மை தீமை அறியும் மரத்தினால் சோதித்தது ஏன் ? (வீடியோ)

பழைய ஏற்பாடும் புதிய ஏற்பாடும்

பழைய ஏற்பாட்டுக்கும் புதிய ஏற்பாட்டுக்கும் இடையிலான வித்தியாசங்கள்

சகோ . பி . சாலமோன் செல்வராஜ்,

திருமறை ஆராச்சியாளர், 

கிறிஸ்துவின் சபை, நாகர்கோவில்   

இன்றய உலகில் கிறிஸ்தவ மார்க்கத்தைப் போல மாறுபட்ட பல்வேறு பிரிவினைகள், கோட்பாடுகள் கொண்ட வேறு மார்க்கங்கள் எதுவும் இல்லை என்றே சொல்லவேண்டும். ஆயிரக்கணக்கான பிரிவினைகள் தவிர,  வீட்டுக்கு வீடு தனி நபர் ஊழியங்கள் நடைபெறுகின்றன. மட்டுமல்ல இந்த ஊழியங்கள் பலவற்றிலும் வேதாகமத்தை வெவ்வேறு  விதங்களில் பொருள் விளக்கி தாங்கள் சொல்பவைகளே சரி, மற்றவர்கள் எல்லாம் தவறான வழிகாட்டிகள் என்று குறைகூறும் போக்கும் காணப்படுகிறது.

மண் சட்டிகளையோ பிளாஸ்டிக்கையோ  யாரும் போலியாகத் தயாரிப்பதில்லை. ஆனால் விலை உயர்ந்த தங்க நகைகளுக்குப் போலிகள் உண்டு. ரூபாய் நோட்டுகளுக்குப் போலிகள் உண்டு. ஆம், விலைமதிக்க முடியாத பொருள்களுக்குத்தான் போலிகள் உருவாகும்.  விலைமதிப்பில்லாததும்  தேவன் தானே சாட்சி கொடுத்ததுமாஇருக்கிற  பெரிதான இரட்சிப்பை (எபிரேயர் - 2:4) பிரசித்திப் படுத்தும் கிறிஸ்தவ மார்க்கத்திலும் எனவே போலிகள் அதிகரித்திருப்பது ஆச்சரியமான விசயமல்ல.

ஆனால் இந்த வேறுபாடுகள் மற்றும் முரண்பாடான போதனைகளுக்கு அடிப்படை காரணம் எது என்று ஆராய்ந்து பார்ப்போமானால் அது பழைய ஏற்பாடு மற்றும் புதிய ஏற்பாடுகளுக்கிடையிலான வேறுபாடு மற்றும் அவற்றின் அடிப்படை நோக்கம் பற்றி அறியாதிருப்பதே என்பது விளங்கும்.

இன்று எலியாவைப் போல தேவன்மேல் பக்தி வைராக்கியமாக இருக்கவேண்டியது அவசியமே தவிர எலியாவைப்போல் இரக்கமற்ற கொலைகாரனாக ஒருவன் இருக்கக் கூடாது. தாவீதைப்போல தேவன்மேல் அன்பு கொண்டவனாக இருக்கவேண்டியது அவசியமே தவிர அவரைப்போல இரத்தக்கறை  படிந்த கரத்தினனாக நாம் வாழ முடியாது; வாழக் கூடாது. இப்படி பழைய ஏற்பாட்டு பரிசுத்தவான்களுக்கும் பழைய ஏற்பாட்டுக்கால சம்பவங்களுக்கும் நிறைய வித்தியாசங்கள் உண்டு. இவற்றைப் புரிந்துகொண்டால்தான் கிறிஸ்தவத்தை சரியாகப் புரிந்துகொள்ள முடியும்.

எனவேதான் இயேசு கிறிஸ்துக் கூறினார், "பரலோக ராஜ்யத்துக்காடுத்தவைகளில் உபதேசிக்கப்பட்டுத் தேறின வேதபாரகன் எவனும் தன பொக்கிஷத்திலிருந்து புதியவைகளையும் பழையவைகளையும்   எடுத்துக் கொடுக்கிற வீட்டு எஜமானாகிய மனுஷனுக்கு ஒப்பாய் இருக்கிறான் " (மத்தேயு - 3:52)

பழைய ஏற்பாடு 

தேவன் உலகினைப் படைத்த விதம், மனிதனுக்கும் தேவனுக்கும் இருந்த உறவு, அந்த உறவில் ஏற்பட்டப் பிரிவு மற்றும் அந்தப் பிரிவினை சரி செய்ய  தேவன் ஏற்படுத்திய திட்டம். இந்த திட்டத்தைச் செயல்படுத்த தேவன் குறிப்பிட்ட மக்கள் இனத்தை தெரிந்துகொண்டு  எப்படி தனது வல்லமையான கரத்தால் அதனைச் செய்தார். அந்தக் குறிப்பிட்ட மக்களுக்கு தனிப்பட்ட சட்ட திட்டங்களை வகுத்துக் கொடுத்து வழிநடத்தினார். அந்தத் திட்டத்தின் இறுதி செயல்பாடாக அவர் தனது ஒரே குமாரனை இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவாக பூமியில் பிறக்கவைக்க இருப்பதை தனது தீர்க்கத்தரிசிகள் மூலம்  வெளிப்படுத்தினார் என்பவற்றை பழைய ஏற்பாடு விளக்குகிறது. குறிப்பாக பழைய ஏற்பாடு தேவனது பலம் வல்லமை இவற்றை அடிப்படையாகக் கொண்டது. 

புதிய ஏற்பாடு 

தேவனது ஒரே குமாரனான இயேசு கிறிஸ்து பூமியில் எப்படி பிதாவின் திட்டத்தினைச் செயல்படுத்தினார், முறிந்துபோன தேவ மனித உறவை எப்படி சரி செய்தார். விலைமதிப்பிடமுடியாத தனது பரிசுத்த இரத்ததால் பாவ மன்னிப்பை ஏற்படுத்தி பிதாவோடு நம்மை எப்படி ஒப்புரவாகினார் என்பதை புதிய ஏற்பாடு விளக்குகிறது.

புதிய ஏற்பாடு தேவனது கிருபையை  அடிப்படையாகக் கொண்டது 

பழைய ஏற்பாட்டுக்கும் புதிய ஏற்பாட்டுக்கும் இடையிலான வித்தியாசங்கள் 

பழைய ஏற்பாடு

புதிய ஏற்பாடு

யூத மார்க்கம் என அழைக்கப்பட்டது (கலா-1:13,14)	கிறிஸ்தவ மார்க்கம் என அழைக்கப்படுகிறது (அப்.9:2)
மோசே எனும் மத்தியஸ்தர் மூலம் அருளப்பட்டது (உபா - 5:5)	இயேசு கிறிஸ்து எனும் மத்தியஸ்தர் மூலம் அருளப்பட்டது (1 திமோ -2:5)
முதலாம் உடன்படிக்கை (எபிரே - 9:1)	இரண்டாம் உடன்படிக்கை (எபிரே - 8:7)
தற்காலிக உடன்படிக்கை (எபிரே - 8:13)	நித்திய உடன்படிக்கை (எபிரே - 13:20)
மோசேயின் பிரமாணம் (1கொரி -9:9)	கிறிஸ்துவின் பிரமாணம் (கலா-6:2)
அடிமைத்தனத்தின் நுகம் (கலா-6:2)	விடுதலை அளிக்கக்கூடிய சட்டம் (யாக் -1:25)
பிழையுள்ள பலவீனமான பிரமாணம் (எபிரே - 8:7)	பிழையற்ற பூரண ராஜரீக பிரமாணம் (யாக் -1:25)
ஒன்றையும் பூரணப்படுத்தவில்லை  (எபிரே - 7:19)	மனிதனைப் பூரணப்படுத்தும் சட்டம் (எபிரே - 7:19)
பாரமான சுமையாய் இருந்தது (அப் - 7:19)	பாரமற்றது, எளிதானது (மத்  - 11:30)
பழமையான எழுத்தின் பிரமாணம் (ரோமர் - 7:6)	புதுமையான ஆவியின் பிரமாணம் (ரோமர் - 7:6)
வரப்போகும் நன்மைகளின் நிழல் (எபிரே - 10:1)	வந்துவிட்ட உண்மையின் சட்டம் (எபிரே - 10:1)
நிழலும் சாயலுமானது (எபிரே - 8:5)	கிறிஸ்துவைப்பற்றிய நிஜ உருவம் (கொலோ - 2:17)
விசுவாசத்துக்குரிய ஒன்றல்ல (கலா-3:12)	விசுவாசத்துக்குரிய பிரமாணம்  (கலா-3:11)
கிரியையின் பிரமாணம் (ரோமர் - 3:27)	விசுவாசப்  பிரமாணம்  (ரோமர் - 3:27)
மனிதனை நீதிமானாக்குவதில்லை (கலா-2:16)	மனிதனை நீதிமானாக்கும்   (கலா-2:16)
இடித்துப்போடப்பட்ட  பிரமாணம்  (கலா-2:16)	நிலை நிறுத்தப்பட்டப்  பிரமாணம் (எபிரே - 10:9)
பாவத்தின் கீழ் மனிதனை அடைத்துப்போட்டது (கலா-3:32)	பாவ மன்னிப்பினை அளிக்கிறது (எபிரே - 1:7)
கோப ஆக்கினையை உண்டாக்குகிறது  (ரோமர் - 4:15)	தேவ சமாதானத்தைத் தருகிறது (ரோமர் - 5:1)
சாபத்துக்கு உட்படுத்துகிறது (கலா-3:10)	சாபத்திலிருந்து மனிதனை மீட்கிறது  (கலா-3:13)
மீறுதல் பெருகும்படி வந்தது (ரோமர் - 5:20)	கிருபை பெருகும்படி வந்தது (ரோமர் - 5:20)
பாவங்கள் உண்டு என ஞாபகப்படுத்தும் பிரமாணம் (எபிரே - 10:2)	பாவங்கள் இனி நினைக்கப்படுவதில்லை (எபிரே - 8:12)
கொல்லும் பிரமாணம் (2 கொரி - 3:6)	உயிர்ப்பிக்கும் பிரமாணம் (2 கொரி - 3:6)
கிறிஸ்துவினால் நீக்கப்பட்டது (2 கொரி - 3:14)	கிறிஸ்துவினால் நிலைநிறுத்தப்பட்டது (எபிரே - 10:9, 30)
ஒழிந்துபோகும் மகிமையின் ஊழியம் (2 கொரி - 3:8)	நிலைத்திருக்கும் மகிமையின் ஊழியம்  (2 கொரி - 3:10,11)
இஸ்ரவேலர் எகிப்தை விட்டு புறப்பட்டபோது இது அமுலுக்கு வந்தது (1 ராஜா 8:9)	இயேசு கிறிஸ்து சிலுவையில் மரித்தபோது இது அமுலுக்கு வந்தது (எபிரே - 9:16,17)
வளமான கானான் தேசம் இவ்வுலக செழிப்பான ஆசீர்வாதங்கள் அடங்கியிருந்தன (உபா 5:33)	இந்த வாழ்விலும் இனி வரும் வாழ்விலும் தேவனது பராமரிப்பு இதில் அடங்கியிருக்கிறது (1 பேதுரு - 1:4,5)
மாம்ச ஜென்மத்தினால் ஆபிரகாமின் பிள்ளைகளாய் இருந்தனர் (ரோமர் - 9:3,4)	ஆவிக்குரிய பிறப்பால் தேவனுடைய பிள்ளைகளாகின்றனர்  (யோவான் - 1:13)
விருத்தசேதனம் என்பது சரீர அடையாளமாய் இருந்தது (ஆதி  - 17:11)	பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவரின் வரமே முத்திரையாய்  இருக்கிறது (எபே  - 1:13)
மாம்ச சமந்தமான கட்டளை (எபிரே - 7:16)	ஜீவனைத் தரும் ஆவியின் பிரமாணம் (ரோமர் - 8:2)
மரணத்துக்கேதுவான ஊழியம் (2 கொரி - 3:7)	நீதியைக் கொடுக்கும் ஊழியம் (2 கொரி - 3:8,9)